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variationvariatio (lat.); variation (fr.); Variation (ger.)

  • Deviation or divergence in the structure, character, or function of an organism from those typical of or usual in the species or group. (OED 2011)
    mutation
    1651
    Pulmonaria licheni sive Hepaticæ fontanæ similis squammato foliorum incubito, ineffabili laciniarum variatione, quæ qua matri suæ hærent
    Bauhin, C. & Cherler, J.H. (1651). Historia plantarum universalis nova et absolutissima, vol. 3: 759.
    1753
    une variation
    Buffon, G.L.L. (1753). Le cheval. In: Histoire naturelle générale et particulière, vol. 4 (OEuvres philosophiques, Paris 1954, 352-353): 352.
    1781
    variationes (Abarten)
    Esper, E.J.C. (1781). De varietatibus specierum in naturae productis, Sectio I: 19-21 (§XIV-XVI).
    1813
    sorte de variation
    Candolle, A.-P. de (1813). Théorie élémentaire de la botanique: 168; cf. 2nd ed. (1819): 203.
    1831
    variation
    Matthew, T.P. (1831). Naval Timber and Arboriculture (In: Limoges, C. (1970). La sélection naturelle. Étude sur la première constitution d’un concept (1837-1859), 155-159): 158.
    1842
    a certain amount of variation is consequent on mere act of reproduction
    Darwin, C. [1842]. [Sketch of 1842]. In: The Foundations of the Origin of Species. Two Essays Written in 1842 and 1844 (Works, vol. 10, London 1986): 15.
    1905
    Variationen
    Plate, L. (1905). Die Mutationstheorie im Lichte zoologischer Tatsachen. Comp. Rend. 6. Congr. Int. Zool. 1904, 203-212: 206.
    1910
    the word mutation may properly be applied to any inherited variation, however small
    East, E.M. (1910). A Mendelian interpretation of variation that is apparently continuous. Amer. Nat. 44, 65-82: 82.
    1914
    Der Begriff der Variation bezeichnet jede beliebige organische Abweichung von der Norm
    Plate, L. (1914). Prinzipien der Systematik mit besonderer Berücksichtigung des Systems der Tiere. In: Hertwig, R. & Wettstein, R. von (eds.). Abstammungslehre, Systematik, Paläontologie, Biogeographie (=Kultur der Gegenwart, vol. 3, 4, 4), 92-164: 124.
    1919
    To us these [i.e. saltation, variation, mutation] are all a single class, ›mutations‹, and the term carries no restrictions of degree, covering the most extreme as well as the slightest detectable inherited variation

    Bridges, C.B. (1919). Specific modifiers of eosin eye color in Drosophila melanogaster. J. exper. Zool. 28, 337-384: 381.

    1986
    Variation is not thought of as a deflection from the natural state of uniformity. Rather, variation is taken to be a fundamental property in its own right
    Sober, E. (1986). Philosophical problems for environmentalism. In: Norton, B.G. (ed.). The Preservation of Species, 173-194: 183; cf. id. (1980). Evolution, population thinking, and essentialism. Philos. Sci. 57, 350-383.