(Downward causation) Where natural selection operates through life and death at a higher level of organisation, the laws of the higher-level selective system determine in part the distribution of lower-level events and substances. […] The ‘causation’ is downward only if substantial extents of time, covering several reproductive generations, are lumped as one instant for purpose of analysis.
- division of labour
- doctrine of descent
- doctrine of development
- doctrine of evolution
- doctrine of heredity
- doctrine of homology
- domain
- dominance
- dominant
- dormancy
- downward causation
- downward classification
- drift
- drive
- dual inheritance system
- durability
- dynamic equilibrium
- dynamic morphology
- dynamic type
- dysteleology
- eccentricity
Result of Your Query
downward causationAbwärtskausalität (ger.)
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The alleged causal influence of higher-level phenomena on lower-level processes, a notable example being the supposed causation of the physical by the mental. (Oxford Dict. of Philosophy 2005)
- 1974
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Campbell, D.T. (1974). “Downward causation” in hierarchically organised biological systems. In: Ayala, F.J. & Dobzhansky, T. (eds.). Studies in the Philosophy of Biology, 179-186: 180.
- 2000
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Downward causation as the core of living organization
Moreno, A. & Umerez, J. (2000). Downward causation as the core of living organization. In: Andersen, P.B. et al. (eds.). Downward Causation. Minds, Bodies and Matter, 99-117.
- 2010
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Der strukturierende Einfluss, den ein lebendiges System auf seine Teile ausübt, lässt sich als formierende oder auch „abwärts“-Kausalität (top-down-Kausalität) bezeichnen […]. Makro-Strukturen können durchaus formierende oder ordnende Wirkungen gegenüber den Mikro-Elementen entfalten, in denen sie strukturell realisiert sind (entsprechend der causa formalis).
Fuchs, T. (2010). Das Gehirn – ein Beziehungsorgan. Eine phänomenologisch-ökologische Konzeption, 3rd ed.: 122.
Petersen, A.F. (1983). On downward causation in biological and behavioural systems. Hist. Philos. Life Sci. 5, 69-86.
Kim, J. (1992). “Downward causation” in emergentism and nonreductive physicalism. In: Beckermann, A., Flohr, H. & Kim, J. (eds.). Emergence or Reduction? Essays on the Prospects of Nonreductive Physicalism, 119-138.
El-Hani, C.N. & Emmeche, C. (2000). On some theoretical grounds for an organism-centered biology: property emergence, supervenience, and downward causation. Theory in Biosciences 119, 234-275.
Andersen, P.B. et al. (eds.) (2000). Downward Causation. Minds, Bodies and Matter.
Hulswit, M. (2005). How causal is downward causation? Journal for General Philosophy of Science 36, 261-287.